DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIGENOUS KENYAN ETHNO BOTANICAL HEALTH

December 10, 2008

 

There are two major threats to humankind today: the loss of biodiversity and the loss of traditional knowledge about biodiversity. Both are issues of utmost importance. Any species that becomes extinct is an option for medicine, food, genes, etc., lost forever. Cultures with vast knowledge of their plant resources also are threatened by extinction because of acculturation. The traditional knowledge of plants has provided our modern society with medicines, food, industrial materials and many other advantages that we take for granted. Ethnobotanical research is providing fundamental information in the search for new drugs, foods, pesticides, natural products, genes and all kinds of chemicals. Ethnobotanical data provides an extraordinary diversity of important questions for botanical,

ecological and anthropological research.

THE COMMUNITY RESOURCE CENTRE

December 10, 2008

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CONCERN PROGRAMME (EHCP) OF THIN ORGANIZATION.

EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
Although science has long recognized that all the factors, Benin, or, malignant, which man encounters in all facets of the environment combine to produce a total effect on his physical and mental health, we have too long attempted to deal with them as though these effects were infact, separate and unrelated.

Indeed we have sometimes seemed to view man as outside the ecological system and to deal with various factors in the environment as though they were merely problems of the planetary property management. In truth, man, whatever else he/she may be, is part of nature, whose life is dependant upon the delicate balance within the ecological system of which he is part.

This scheme gives an overview of what Environmental Health Concern Programme of THIN organization is doing to bring by helping citizens embrace clean development mechanisms change in the Kenya’s development efforts; and to fill the gaps that call for mutual efforts.
We are building public – private, individual partnerships that mobilize resources, strengthen ideas, technologies; to international cooperation; and help communities build their institutional capacity to manage these problems and free their imaginations. The meek to achieve their dreams. Indeed we have to do this all our life.
While these social and environmental problems are daunting, ample experience at international and national level demonstrates that progress is possible through concerned efforts.
Traditional and Cultural Values Blended into science and technology advances offer hope and answers.

INTRODUCTION

To-day our nation is facing an environmental and ecological crisis which is being recognized as one of the major problems of our time. There are all forms of environmental degradation and pollution. A soaring population, urbanization, unplanned settlements, agriculture, and infrastructure has led to destruction of natural resources. Fantastic advances in science and technology and the mistakes of our past have produced biological, radiological and chemical contaminations of land, air, food and water, crowding noise and many other threats of human health and well being. And, the disruptions of ecological balances have come to the fore as a major international problem.

Mans survival depends on an infinitely complex system of relationships and balances among countless living organisms, existing in or on the extremity thin crust of the earth, or just before it. The system has remarkable capacity for adaptation and regeneration, but nature’s patience has a limit. If the current trends continue, the future of life on earth is endangered.

Now various aspects of the problem must engage the attention of interest groups in many diverse fields – Conservation, agriculture, transportation, urban planning, industry, commerce, health, consumer protection and others.

Environmental Health Concern Programme is one of the eight programmes of Traditional Healthcare Integration Network (THIN), a non – governmental, non – political, non – profit making, and development – oriented organization, registered in Kenya under Healthcare Critaria.
THIN organization has integrated but functional programmes designed in partnership participation of local people supporting empowerment and socio – economic development using healthcare delivery and promotion strategies as a positive receptacle for them.

Environmental health concern Programme is a broad national programme to identify and document a wide range of problems relating to the environment on which modern man lives, works and spends his leisure time. EHCP is assuring that human environment needs are defined and enunciated as clearly as possible so that consideration of mans health and welfare may become a guiding principle through – out our society, in all actions affecting the environment. It also directs specific attention to such hazards as improper housing, noise, rodent and insect vectors, waste accumulation, improper sanitation and occupational disease and injuries.

THIN organization has integrated but functional programmes designed in partnership participation of local people supporting empowerment and social-economical development using healthcare delivery strategies as a positive receptacle for them.

To improve livelihoods through participatory generation and dissemination and application of knowledge in healthcare.

VISION

THINS vision is ‘’Basic healthcare and prosperity’’ throughout Kenya and beyond.
We are committed to this vision, to focus on our work and remain committed. It is a vision that recognizes healthcare as an urgent priority. But also recognizes aspirations to an equitable share of world’s wealth and prosperity, rather than the small and declining share on which Kenyans currently have to live and to content with.

GOAL

Empowering rural communities, simple citizens, health professionals and all concerned with knowledge and technology for improved decision making and implementation.

AIM

The main aim of Environmental Health Concern Programme (EHCP) is to provide a scientific basis for the long – term use and conservation of natural and other resources to enable mankind to manage the natural resources of the biosphere more effectively.

To this end, the programme consists of networks of interdisciplinary field research, education, and demonstration and training activities in order to study and understand the impact of man on environment. Such studies are being carried out in close cooperation between natural and social scientists. Major community – based projects are already developed within community environs, regions and municipalities.

To strengthen the Environmental Health Concern project includes among its objectives the training of Scientists and Technicians in multidisciplinary teams in different zones as well as demonstrating and educating community groups, citizens and other stakeholders. This is achieved by means of international and regional training courses, fellowships and exchanges of personnel with special emphasis on on-site training in places where THINS’ activities are already in progress.

The Board outlines of THIN programmes were established in August 2003, at the first Board of Directors meeting (BOD) meeting of THIN, after the official registration of the organization in December 2001. The Environmental Health Concern Programme was to focus its research and training endeavor that would reflect a kind of analogy to the schools of agriculture and public health.

STRATEGIES IN IMPLEMENTATION

Since the major focus of EHCP programme is concerned with mans interaction with particular natures systems and geographical units, much of this work is being developed at the national, regional and community levels.

In each community or environmental zone, the Board of Directors defines and organizes research activities on particular national problems of health and development, which are related to the overall objectives and goals of THINS’ programmes. Special ad hoc advisory panels and committees and a number of temporary appointed consultants help to coordinate community contribution and to define overall core programmes ensuring that compatible methodology is used for various projects of THIN. Thus, THINS’ projects are integrated to work together on a series of health, environmental development so as to provide compatible results capable of generalization and synthesis.

NATIONAL PROJECTS

Environmental Health Concern project activities at the national level fall into major categories of THIN institutional building, research promotion and coordination, information exchange, through publications, symposia, workshops and seminars and training activities.

Major National projects after institutional building are systemic surveys focusing on the structure, dynamics and productivity of the natures systems – in response of the site to different uses and the human impact to natural ecosystems analyzed.

2.2 OPERATIONAL PROJECTS

At the national, regional and community levels include activities geared to the principal factors affecting rural development in Kenya, and indeed major parts of East Africa. It is a part of pilot activity that THIN and other organizations want to promote to, to provide the scientific basis of rehabilitation and national management.

The practical hypothesis of the project is that the process of rural development can be exalted through new strategies of development based on increasing community participation, regional productivity, services and food self – sufficiency.

These strategies include the diversification of such as agro forestry and emphasis in developing local renewable energy, green manurering, local medicinal resources, live mulching among others.

At the same time a number of challenging scientific issues are being addressed within the project. These include the study of Traditional and Cultural beliefs that could contribute to conservation efforts and how to modernize them through science and technology. The project is taking advantages of partnerships, networking and collaborative synergy in THINS health projects and in the different international, regional and national facilities.

The collaborating institutions bring about networking through a strategy of ‘’learning by doing’’. Draft model agreements and contract documents are drawn to govern the various activities in the different institutions and to deal with intellectual property rights (IPR) of the indigenous peoples.

2.0 CONFERENCES, SEMINARS, SYMPOSIA AND WORKSHOPS.

Seminars and symposia are encouraged to take advantage of the diversity of activities offered by THINS’ networks.

3.0 FELLOWSHIPS RESEARCH AND TRAVEL GRANTS

Manpower development is built into the framework of THIN organization. Fellowships, Research and Travel grants including procurement of materials and equipments are part of the parcel of the integrated networks of pilot projects and the Institutional development of THIN organization.

Through research, THIN seeks to develop effective and economical methods for abating and controlling or preventing the degradation, discharge of pollutants to the atmosphere and to gain improved knowledge of the effects of pollution on humans, plants, ecosystems and materials.

INFORMATION EXCHANGE DOCUMENTATION AND PUBLICATION.

An idea of importance is attached to the co-operative exchanges and discussions of specific and technical results reflected in reports, technical notes, as well books, scientific journals, databases that address special research findings. Others are video, film and documentaries of environmental damage and risks.

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7.0 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND EDUCATION.

Community Participation is the key to the success in any conservation and abatement programme. Regardless of how technically sound any plan is, it cannot be successfully implemented without the support and participation of the community groups and peoples themselves Therefore THINS’ Environmental Health Concern Programme contains adequate provision for such activities as Discussions, Meetings, Interviews, and demonstrating various practices and methods.

DEMONSTRATIONS

‘’Seeing is believing’’. A number of small demonstration plots are set up both on public and private land with a few on public lands implementing an idea plan with results that will show communities what can be achieved and what can confidently be anticipated. However, communities are more likely to be convinced by results from plots on their neighbor’s farms.

They usually trust their fellow communities more than they do the government. Setting up the plots and implementing the demonstrations on public lands are more difficult than on private lands. The results may be less perfect but they will be seen to be closer to what the community can hope to achieve on his own land.

Demonstration sites are carefully selected. They are representative of important environmental and agricultural zones and in places that can be conveniently visited and well maintained. The demonstration plots are used as training grounds both for communities, technicians and visitors.

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11.0 EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF COMMUNITY GROUPS.

Education and training of communities and community groups begins as soon as an important conservation problem in the area is identified. Such education includes village meetings, exhibitions, field visits, and the showing of video (clips) and movies. The first objective motivates the communities to participate in the programme. Community members want to think twice, at least before they take revolutionary ideas of conservation.

Special training is usually given to selected people, such as village headmen and elders, contact farmers, health practitioners or active numbers of youth groups. Selections are done carefully. Basic requirements for contact farmers; health practitioners and conservation leaders are aged (say 25 -35) physically active disposition, attitude, adequate level of education and access to apiece of land that can be used for administration purposes.

The special training period may last between 10 days and two weeks. It includes Conservation principles, techniques, and crop management, pollution abatement. Upon completion of their training, the selected people are expected to return to their fellow community members and farmers to act as liaison people between THIN organization and community members.

A different more generalized training course is usually given to the village leaders and community leaders. Two or three days of training with emphasis on lecturers, discussions and slide film shows but with some field visit always suffices. Participants are always influential people in the farming, conservation and heath in community who need to be convinced of the necessity for conservation but who are not required to know the technical details.

12.0 TRAINING EXTENSION AGENTS

Since extension staffs in the country have received little formal training in conservation, short courses are arranged for their benefit. A course work for thee weeks training has been proved appropriate in the country. After this training a trained extension agent needs to work closely with an expert conservation person until he / she has gained enough experience in conservation extension and technical assistance, to work confidently on his/her own.

INTEGRATED AND COORDINATED APPROACH.

Conservation work is linked to production and development activities to provide an overall package deal. Farmers and communities cannot afford to be interested in conservation for itself. However, they are connected to on – farm agro business and marketing of their products and services.

SUPPORTS TO COMMUNITY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS

THIN organization has established over the years close working links with the national, regional, sub –regional, and community groups.

The involvement of groups and associations assists in conservation planning, extension, supervision and implementation in conservation and pollution matters, including surveys, gully control structures, agro forestry among others, which concern more than one farm or zone. This becomes complete and efficient if the work of different farms or zones are jointly planned and integrated into existing farming/conservation systems.

However, financial incentives in support of technical assistance are usually needed to encourage small scale farmers and community groups to adopt conservation work. These incentives can be justified on the following grounds;

Small scale farmers and community groups are too poor to take any risk and usually have no resources to meet additional labour or capital costs;

Many environmental measures involve a heavy involvement in labour, e.g. in terracing, planting, and construction, etc. Even the use of family labour can be a burden, and an effective loss of labour, for this labour might otherwise have been invested in some other production activity, or in off – farm work to gain extra money;

Environmental Conservation itself yields off-site benefits and it is reasonable, therefore to ask society in general to meet some of the costs. Certainly it is unfair to expect the small scale poor farmers in the rural environments to bear the full cost when others benefit as well;

A farmer’s income is likely to be reduced in the initial stages of conservation activities because (1) production is lost or delayed; (2) additional labour is needed for constructions; (3) inputs, time and efforts are needed to restore soil quality or vegetation after destruction, disturbances after floods and drought in a production area. Earlier loses may be covered by later gains but this takes time and loses should attract government compensation when they occur. But this compensation is never given.

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18.0 KINDS OF INCENTIVES

Incentives may be of two kinds: direct and indirect. Among direct incentives, cash subsides are commonly paid in recognition of work performed or as daily wages. Food, farm implements, uniforms, fertilizers etc are given as incentives in kind, in quantities which again recognize daily labour input or amounts of work accomplished. The advantages and disadvantages of cash subsides are discussed below.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CASH SUBSIDIES

Cash subsides are probably the most popular means of promoting conservation and other agricultural schemes. They are relatively easy to handle and can be distributed at any stage in the work. The main problems relate to selecting suitable criteria for payments of cash itself. Even too much or too little subsidy can adversely affect a project, whilst misuse of funds by farmers can also affect the final outcome.

There are also many types of indirect incentives. The provision of technical assistance is one such incentive; others include provision of marketing services and other infrastructural development. Some of these incentives are normally built in the planning of the incentives. Food and other subsides are sometimes given since the people are too poor to find enough food. They would not be able to achieve much when they are hungry and sick. The communities have been able to provide useful guidance and examples in the selection of criteria.

FIELD STAFF

Conservation is field oriented. The importance of field staff cannot be overemphasized. A certain number of quality of field staff is needed to achieve planned goals. Multidisciplinary field staff who are concerned specifically with conservation, although extension agents and contact farmers are also engaged in the work.
WORK TARGETS AND FIELD STAFF.

The number and kind of field staff needed in an area clearly depends on the volume and type of work that is planned. The majority of the work can be carried out by general conservators of a sub – professional or technical level who have received some special training. Nevertheless, some professionals or specialists in agronomy, forestry or civil engineering are likely to be needed in field office to backstop the work and to recognize and deal with problems. In some instances, vocational school and high school graduates are properly trained and sent to the villages especially villages where they come from to carry out conservation work with support of a professional team. This approach has proved very effective.

To establish and maintain high level of performance in the field it is important that field workers should be fully compensated for the actual expense and inconvenience they suffer from working a way from their own homes assisting scattered groups of small farmers and community groups. Payments of per diem and other allowances should be both timely and adequate. Delay or failure to pay field allowances can have disastrous effects on staff morale and efficiency. The money involved is part of the project costs and provisions are always made with these disbursements of these disbursements of these allowances.

TRAINING OF FIELD STAFF

The quality of conservation work depends in large measure upon the quality of technicians who plan, design and supervise it. The correct training of these technicians – the field observation officers – is therefore of first importance.
Three kinds of training are usually required as follows;
A basic training course lasting 4-6 weeks is needed for conservation officers of professional and sub – professional levels.

About half of this course is devoted to field work practice, one week of which may be used for field tours and visits. The usual content of these course covers conservation principle, various survey and planning techniques, engineering structures, agronomic conservation measures, simple land planning, soil sampling and extension techniques, watershed and pollution management;

– refresher courses for the same groups of staff are also needed from time to time, lasting one to two weeks; these courses allow revision of old subjects and introduce new special subjects: use of remotely sensed imagery and other techniques like water harvesting, farm management, technical as well, as legal aspects of pollution, how to conduct public enquiries and agitate on behalf of the pollution control and anti – pollution crusaders;

– a practical course, for training field assistants or high school students. The course lasts 2-3 weeks and 75% (percent) of it is devoted to field practice and visits. By running the course the same time as training for contact farmers, etc, duplication of effort is saved and the two groups become well acquainted. The curriculum for such course also includes water ways profile surveys, controlling and leveling, introduction to land capacity classification, map reading and making, slope analysis, area calculation, among others.

It is worthwhile re-emphasizing the desirability of establishing permanent training centers (telecenters) within THIN organization so that the conduct of training for field stuff, extension officers and community groups can be continuous.

TRAINING OF SCIENTISTS AND TECHNICIANS

Analysis of environmental deteriorating factors show on essential reason of the whole consequence caused by the changes in our environment. More complex scientific research and demonstration seems to be necessary both: for proper decisions concerning all new sources of influences on the environmental quality, as well as for adequate behaviour of each one of us.

It is known that the social structures in this field depends on knowledge of environmental problems as well as methods, and on the individual understanding of the importance of increased personal involvement in a wider cooperation as a condition of improvement of the quality of life. This activity depends on the quality of natural and cultural environment.

Very important seems to be coordination of environmental efforts at all educational levels and out – of – school youth activity, in connection with different practical needs in this field and permanent education of adults.

Unfortunately none of existing educational programmes in the country include enough wide scientific, technological and practical investigation in connection with needs of really integrated practical activities at all levels. Also the education system is not adequate especially concerning preparation on a wide international scale. Yet the efforts are very important and urgent.

As a result only a small percentage of scientists and the youth is actively participating in environmental cooperation. This is as a result of, not adequate educational programmes, information and methods and also inadequate perception of environmental quality. However, the quality of human environment is not efficient because scientific studies are made in a traditional way: they are fragramentary and do not result into integration.

More integrated interdisciplinary studies are necessary, both for better knowledge of the relationship between man and the environment and for methodological verification and incasing efficiency of all kinds of professional and social environmental activities.

THIN supports interdisciplinary research seminars, and post graduate courses preparing young talented scientists and technologists from different disciplines- e.g. from natural, social sciences and techniques – for integrated investigation as well as for cooperation with decision – making man and politics, at all levels – national, sub regional and international. Very important is the connection between theoretical discussions during interdisciplinary seminars and studies during environmental field camps.

1.8 EVALUATION

Environmental projects are relatively difficult to evaluate because of their long term benefits, external influences, wide distribution of benefits etc. Nevertheless evaluation is necessary to show the results of the investment.

In the case of EHCP of THIN, the Board of Directors, its research committee together with the assistance of interested institutions, universities, extension services and the committee organize an independent evaluation team to undertake periodic evaluation work. In addition, a database and monitoring unit for every project is established under all THINS project for data collection and monitoring.

In addition to farming records, biodiversity data, specifically designed for periodic evaluation purposes are in-built in the projects for periodic evaluation purposes. Such periodic surveys may include the following;

– Surveys on socio economic conditions in the project are to compare with the baseline survey;

– Surveys of Land use changes and conservation progress in an area or watershed or forest using remote sensing techniques, every 5-10 years as required;

– Other single purpose and brief surveys such as on – farm income, land productivity, conservation.

BENEFICIARIES

Health and disease of man and of the community in which he lives depend upon the interactions with physical, biological, lifestyle and social environment. THINS Environmental Concern Programme aims to contribute to clean and healthy environment that will bring about and contribute to Primary Healthcare (PHC) strategies, or preventive and curing of disease pathogens and agents of man, his crops, his livestock and natures’ services;

ECP will help to limit emissions and pollution of the earths atmosphere, whose results are weather and climate change, acid rain, ozone layer destruction, drought, floods, all of which affect men and other living things;

However, the EHCP is providing a sound foundation for the stakeholders, especially women and children and youth, industrialists, commerce transporters, producers, among others to participate in projects that address local environmental problems.

Kenyan women are primarily responsible for farming, accompanied by children and youth, both in terms of their labour contribution (nearly double that of men) and making decisions. In 50% of the cases they make agricultural and environmental decisions on their own, and about 20% they participate in joint decision making. As primary procurers of firewood, fodder, they play an important role in the use and misuse of natural resources.
The youth and children are still young susceptible and easy to persuade. They are also future leaders who will make important decisions.

The industrialists are the major users of environmental services and products and the major polluters of the environment. They need to be sensitized to monitor and regulate their levels of natural resources and biodiversity use and limit or discard their levels of pollution.

– By effecting the consolidation into a single system of all data pertaining to the problems of environmental degradation and toxicology EHCP provides for availability of data at all levels, agencies, industry and scientists.

– The department of education, health, agriculture, industry and welfare, will access information for teaching and protection of the labourer from hazards of his occupation and the health of the consumer behaviour and manufacturing process that significally reduce the production and (spread) emission of pollutants;

– About 80% of the drugs in the United States are either natural products and their derivatives, or synthetic compounds modeled on natural products. Genetic modification techniques now mean their biodiversity is a source of genes as well as products. Therein Biodiversity holds a great promise for the country of Kenya in particular and Africa in general.

– Much of the discarded solid waste is recoverable and could become a source of additional fuel for domestic use.

– The government has been unable to meet local employment and income needs, provide basic amenities; consequently a rapidly increasing majority live below poverty line (less than $ 1aday) and the health conditions and livelihoods remain poor. As long as there is widespread disease, incentives, hunger, little prospects can be made in ameliorating other dimensions of poverty.

20.0 PURPOSE

The purpose of THINS Environmental Health Concern Programme is to conduct and coordinate research, demonstration and information studies (among other related activities) of delivering Management Plans, new Strategies and methods for Sustainable Environmental, Biodiversity and ecosystems health. The best thing about this strategy is that, by and large, it reflects foresight rather than emergency response to an intolerable situation.

The Goal is two fold a) to enhance livelihoods and b) to improve environment and biodiversity management by: directly supporting pilot community – based enterprises and related environmental research management and by: indirectly providing training, technical assistance and extension, information to EHCP Partners, Governments, and Community based organizations, NGOs; EHCP staff carrying out integrated development and conservation initiatives in the project areas.

MAN POWER.

The manpower levels of Environmental Health Concern Programme where 5 members include Scientists plus Community – based volunteers around the country does not satisfy the critical mass to effectively work in resource degradation prevent new threats and sources of pollution as well as give trainings.
The manpower needs to be increased at least 5 times. Meanwhile THIN organization is seeking to immediately fill four (4) vacancies on its Board of Directors. The vacancies are preferably served for international scientific and technical experienced persons, in diverse expertise in disciplines such as Fundraising, Health Education and training, agriculture, environmental (including hygiene), food, pharmaceutical, insect, plant, animal, Sciences, Forestry, Natural Products Chemistry, Civil Engineering, Community development, Journalist and Cross – Cultural Religion (to strengthen leaders and foster insightful research). We are expected to collect information, measure effectiveness, in short to be effective managers of the resources God has given us. Our philosophy of innovation is based on how all of us work, we live. It is the force behind every step we take.

THE BOARD

The legal obligations of THIN organization are discharged by (1:3:5 🙂 members of the Board overseas the affairs of THIN organization through four committees: Program, Executive, Audit and Finance, Nominating. The Board meets every year at annual general meeting and receives a financial statement, report of the organization’s activities for the year. The Committee then elects Board members, a third of these members retire every year and are eligible for re-election.

The Board members are professionals in diverse fields; Education, Health and Human service, Pharmacognosy, Medicine, Community development, Agriculture, Natural resource and Environmental protection among others.
They assist to plan and carry out multidisciplinary research, training, improve process, address opportunities and strengthen partnership. The Executive Director is the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer of the Organization. He is the agent of the Board to ensure that the policies and mission of the organization are carried out. He sits on the Board as a full member.
Are you interested? We hope you will join us to help humanity and future generations.

However, THIN organization would be delighted to work with volunteers in the many areas of Environmental Health Concern Programme, as well as visiting specialists in related fields and students. The usual practice is for any discoveries or results of research or demonstration to be published either: in a journal, magazine, or book published by THIN organization itself, and circulated throughout the world, or in a scientific journal published by another institution (for example by a university) which is also universally available to specialists and students.
This arrangement assures technology transfer and strengthens networking linkages. A wonderful addition to your curriculum vitae
Will you help? HELP, HELP – AND MAKE IT QUICK
With anything that costs at least $100 or € 100 per month or more if possible.

FUNDING
THIN Board of Directors immediately needs to talk to people of goodwill, organizations, associations, institutions, sponsors, donors who can help provide ‘’Continuing but Ostensible Core funding’’ for the programmes’ research and education activities as a whole, Seed money’’ for critical staff salaries, students allowances to enable mature people who have worked professionally to be able to provide education, demonstrations and training of community groups. Thus around $750million, as five year initiative to be spent initially to help expand interested community institutions embrace the programme and build upon efforts already underway: Communities will be eligible to receive 30 to 50% (percent) of the cost and provide back-up.

THIN needs your help and supports as well as your comments. If no action is taken, both humanity and life are endangered. THIN organization has the structures and the will to make a difference and bring change. You can also make a difference and save lives.

WE WANT TO SEEK YOUR COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS
To find out from our friends, organizations and all interested persons, if you have encountered the same problems and whether you were able to solve them for our synchronization with our problems.
Name: ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Title: ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Individual / Associations / Donor / NGO / Group / Organization / Institution / Corporations / Foundations / Embassy / Church / Small business / other
Address: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Email: …………………………………………………………………………………………
Telephone: …………………………………………………………………………………….
Cell No. ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Website………………………………………………………………………………………..
Fax……………………………………………………………………………………………..
COMMENTS & SUGGESTIONS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Send your Comments and Suggestions and Answers to Attention;
Executive Director
Traditional Healthcare Integration Network (THIN)
P.O.BOX 46665 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya,
E-mail: tradihealth@yahoo.co.uk
We hope you will walk as through the solution in real time. Thank you.
HOW YOU CAN HELP
□ Donate print sources: Books, Encyclopedias, magazines, microfilms; non print; documentaries and interviews (TV, Radio)
□ Promotional and educational materials;
□ Donate cash give regularly and generously;
□ Donate items and equipment (office furniture, computers, vehicles, motor bikes, bicycles, cameras, PowerPoint and projectors);
□ Donate gifts in Kind: Buildings, Land, Shares, Stocks, Deposits;
□ Recruit volunteers, experts to give time, education, skills;
□ Facilitate training of THIN personnel and exchange programmes by giving fellowships, study tours;
□ Support in Kind;
□ Accept our Funding Proposal;
□ Facilitate staff Secondment;
□ Facilitate Advertisement and Publications;
□ Provide Company facilities for Conference, Seminars etc;
□ Leave a legacy

Can you Help!

December 10, 2008

Diseases, hunger, and poverty are among the most formidable challenges in our societies. Yet, the achievement of physical and mental well-being of the people is crucial to human development.

 

Healthcare, Medicine, Food, Water and Income. Every Kenyan deserves them. Every child, youth, woman and man needs them.

 

But I know millions of people in Kenya desperately short of the five. They and their families, communities are inhabitants of rural and sub-urban areas. And I can tell you that, by any time you reach them, they have very little with them. They are weak, skinny, emaciated and hopeless. They are suffering from multiple diseases – malaria, nutrition, HIV/AIDS and ophthalimia among others. And the stress in their lives makes the youth, men and women sink into anti social behaviour. Their girls and women become unsafe and turn to prostitution whereas the boys and men migrate to urban areas with breaking inflation.

 

Without prompt donations from rich nations, malnutrition rolls and vulnerability soars, and donors end up paying more for food airlifts and therapeutic feeding programmes. The cost of suffering and dying is expensive, leading to trauma and agony. The cost of funerals and caring for orphans makes it difficult for families to cope. Lack of food and medicines means the diseases kill faster and the combination of HIV/AIDS and hunger pushes families deeper into poverty. The number of the sick and starving is increasing everyday.

Environmental Conservation

December 8, 2008

Using Locally available materials to abate exploitation of forests.

Using Locally available materials to abate exploitation of forests.

Kenya is facing unprecedented development challenges, but even bigger opportunities. It is a country with a wonderfully rich culture and history, and Kenya share a strong sense of natural identity it is blessed with a sounding natural resources and beauty.
Experts describes the it as a with much potential but a disappointing under achiever.
Poverty, food insecurity, HIV/AIDS, gender inequality and environmental degradation all confront the country. In the last three decades the number of food insecure people in Kenya has more doubled,
• Over the same period. GDP per capita growth averaged negative 1%
• Malnutrition in Kenya’s children rose by 70% of the period 1970 -2001
• Per capita income of about $ 312 per year was lower in 2002 than $350 in 1975
• Rural women produce up to 80% of the food but access only 10% of the credit, receive less than 5% of the extension service and own only a fraction of the land.

About 1 tone of soil nutrients are lost annually from Kenya’s soil because of cultivating the same piece of land year in – year out.
Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations has stalled in Kenya. 75% of the of the poor live in rural areas, sustaining their existence by farming small plots or breeding cattle, sheep, goats, chicken, donkeys or camels for income. Healthcare and agriculture are central to improving the lives of the poor.

Traditional Medicine in Kenya Project

December 8, 2008

Herbal practitioner selecting some of drug samples for annalysis.

Herbal practitioner selecting some of drug samples for annalysis.


TRADITIONAL HEALTHCARE INTEGRATION NETWORK.
(THIN)
WHO WE ARE.

THIN is a countrywide non-governmental, non-profit, non-political organisation registered in December 2001, under legal Administrative framework of Non-Governmental organisations Act, of 1990, section 10, registration number op218/051/9581/2148 under Health criteria.

To improve livelihoods, through participatory generation and dissemination and application of knowledge in healthcare.

THIN has its activities in Kenya, where we have ever-present health and development challenges which are higher than anywhere in the developed countries of the world, and with no sufficient manpower and capacity to address these challenges.
A number of challenges face the provision of healthcare services for approximately 20 million Kenyans, the majority of whom live in rural areas. Yet health is simply the manifestation of development. Health provision and care are central in the overall development of the people. Health covers all aspects of life and is not merely a question of tackling medical problems alone. And, it is becoming increasingly clear that it is not possible to operate health and development policies separately in a way that is effective.

THIN recognises that there are important applied problems in the health management of human tropical diseases, food crops, the pests and vectors of livestock diseases, environmental pollution and the conservation and utilisation of biodiversity and other natural resources. And at the same time it also recognises that in several crucial cases, these applied problems cannot be satisfactorily approached without further basic knowledge and the involvement of people. People have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their healthcare.

In the same reflection, THIN believes that, first, increased participation and efficiency in medical and health services delivery in the country can be attained at a lowered cost through the deliberate pattern of increasingly integrating (blending) traditional and cultural health and medical practices with modern and cross-cutting issues of science and technology aimed at solutions of national health and development problems.

There’s increasing appreciation of the advantages of integrating science and technology with traditional knowledge practices to yield mutually beneficial results from development projects. It is customary and common to analyse situations and plan actions for a society in terms of Human and material services.
However, the importance of value systems is too often neglected in planning for social and economic developments, for example, the improper implementations of technology has led to the alienation of healthcare mechanisms, while value systems in the societies concerned have been neglected. There is a great need for more humanitarian approach to health research and healthcare delivery aimed at the association of research with thorough consideration of the social- economic environment.

Moreover through community-based systems of healthcare delivery and promoting interprofesional education, training and research at all levals, the country can be assured of better and sustainable health and development; and, any combination of these measures might provide a more stable and higher health and protection outcomes to many people. Indeed actions in the health field can be instrumental in bringing about reform in other social and economic and political fields, and a more equitable distribution of resources, leading to improvement in health and other sectors. This is the upward thrust of human development.

THIN is targeting Communities and individuals as vehicles of change in the war against disease, hunger and poverty; through a framework of participation and finding ways of utilizing indigenous and cultural institutions, knowledge, physical resources and technology for local level and national development.

Consequently, THIN has set itself a double mission. First, THIN is committed to bringing together communities who are the customers and clients and selected partners to undertake general and interprofesinal high-quality education, training and research in several critical aspects of health which would lead to the design of novel methods for the prevention and control of many disease conditions, pests and vectors and poverty reduction in a long range within an acceptable social, cultural and environmental framework. That is, THIN organisation has integrated but functional programmes designed in partnership participation of local people supporting empowerment and economical development programs using healthcare delivery strategies as a positive receptacle for them.

Secondly, it has set itself the task of carrying out high level technical and scientific training of young gifted scientists and senior technicians from Kenya and other developing countries in the field of healthcare and related areas. It was the vision of THIN founders that such research training in a development field of international concern would foster the growth of a young scientific community in Kenya and other developing countries within an appropriate intellectual framework and relevance.

THINS research and training priorities focuses on clarifying linkages between traditional and cultural practices and heritages, conservation and poverty. The THINS integrated programmes contribute to the development and transfer of diseases prevention, control, management and help to design appropriate technologies polices, pathways and strategies in delivery of effective human, crops, livestock, environmental services and products in different productive systems for employment creation, incomes and profits while promoting the traditional bonds of solidarity that have existed for centuries and giving science a meaning.

To identify the most appropriate technology for each programme and to find the best ways to integrate and deliver these programmes to the mainstream health infrastructure, THIN is undertaking extensive ‘’Health Systems Research’’, (H.S.R). A structure that THIN has adopted includes social, economic and behavioural research. Through explanations in the knowledge base found in linguistic and cognitive science ensures eliciting knowledge from a wide range of individuals which provides more exciting approaches to combining traditional knowledge and modern science for each programme under local circumstances and trying to make most out of people, other resources and technologies while keeping an open eye throughout.

This general and interprofessional research-training entails gradually strengthening the capacity of the healthcare delivery system to meet the people’s needs, by progressively introducing and expanding through it specific programmes based on appropriate technologies, and, mobilizing people to apply these technologies as much as they can. Through this approach, THIN is training health-workers and practitioners in close relationships with the jobs they do, by strengthening, supporting, and improving skills and technologies based on various local resources and management systems relatively unknown to ‘’Formal Health Research’’. Much of this endeavour means working together in partnership with people in other sectors on a selective basis, whenever and wherever it is needed; including at the grassroots level that until provide a range of products and services applicable across communities in the mutitude of environments

Priority areas for THIN activities include:
o Participatory approaches to knowledge generation and use
o Indigenous technical knowledge
o Knowledge and information pathways
o Dissemination materials for rural communities
o Alternative models for knowledge dissemination
o Rural resource centres (telecentres)

Our strategy has been planned on four pillars:
o Reducing vulnerability
o Improving access to resources
o Responding to appropriate information, knowledge and technologies
o Making markets work for the poor who need help and that help has not come. Many times the poor have the volume market but they do not know how to put a therapeutic agent or drug into a flea collar or livestock dip and they do not have the registration expertise or marketing connections we do.

The approach THIN has taken is of open strategy. For each target problem, THIN is exploring several lines of study which hold promise as novel avenues for health promotion and management and social –economic development. While not eschewing short-term strategies for medical and disease control, It has not felt it compelling to devote its best endeavours to fire-fighting efforts in order to stem the flushes of disease outbreaks. Much of these endeavours means working together with people in other sectors on a selective basis. THINS mandate is to find new knowledge that will lead us to long-range and socially, economically, environmental and technically acceptable health management and development.

Indeed, these target health programmes that THIN has chosen for its priority attack are all challenges and issues that have already received consider able national, regional and international attention. Many of these have been the subject of practical control and eradication programmes on an extensive scale over the last several decades. If these were simple direct methods for the management and control of these serious dilemmas facing mankind and the increasing resistance to chemical treatment by disease causing pathogens, they would have been found in that time and put into operation.

Nevertheless, because it’s preponderant goal in increasing small-holder and agricultural production and better human health, through the prevention, control and management of disease and vectors and pests, and, It’s training of communities, young scientists and technologist who would perpetrate these activities, the THINS objectives are necessary complimentary to those of existing international medical, agricultural research centres, the vector control organisations (national, regional and international) and other applied institutes in the developing countries.
THIN is committed to supporting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) of the United Nations by increasing human health and poverty reduction.

Vision

THINS Vision is health and prosperity throughout Kenya and beyond; a vision that recognises the basic needs of health and as urgent priority as well as aspirations to equitable sharing of the worlds wealth. We stand to lose much more than the battle for health if we do not do something urgently.

Goal

Empowering rural communities, simple citizens, health professionals and all concerned with knowledge and technology for improved decision making.

Core values in our operations include:
Commitment, Integrity, Efficiency, Transparency, Accountability, Flexibility, Quality and Local ownership.

ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

December 8, 2008

volunteers Planting Medicinal Plants

volunteers Planting Medicinal Plants

There are two major threats to humankind today: the loss of biodiversity
and the loss of traditional knowledge about biodiversity. Both are issues
of utmost importance. Any species that becomes extinct is an option for
medicine, food, genes, etc., lost forever. Cultures with vast knowledge of
their plant resources also are threatened by extinction because of
acculturation. The traditional knowledge of plants has provided our
modern society with medicines, food, industrial materials and many other
advantages that we take for granted. Ethnobotanical research is providing
fundamental information in the search for new drugs, foods, pesticides,
natural products, genes and all kinds of chemicals. Ethnobotanical data
provides an extraordinary diversity of important questions for botanical,
ecological and anthropological research.

Hello world!

December 8, 2008

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